Threats and Security A-Level

“Software, which monitors the activities of a computer user and sends back as much information about them as possible (e.g: passwords, usernames, websites they visit, purchases they have made)”. Which threat is being described here?

“Using direct communications, such as emails and phone calls, whilst impersonating legitimate companies (such as banks), asking you to give away sensitive information”. Which threat is being described here?

“The process of using trial and error to hack an account by trying thousands of different possible passwords against a particular username”. Which threat is being described here?

“Trying to bring down a website by using up its web server’s resources, by overloading it with traffic”. Which threat is being described here?

“The art of ‘bolting on’ some ‘database query instructions’ to the end of a password, which will allow access the accounts of other users”. Which threat is being described here?

“Software, which in general will harm a computer and/or its user”. Which threat is being described here?

“Software, which is specifically designed to cause physical harm to a computer system”. Which threat is being described here?

“Protects the data on a system from falling into the wrong hand as any intercepted data will be unreadable.”…is an example of what security method?

“software which continually monitors network traffic, so that after an attack, suspicious data packets can be analysed”…is an example of what security method?

“A set of rules and procedures that network users must follow to reduce the vulnerability of a network”…is an example of what security method?

“Experts try to simulate a range of network attacks (such as Denial of Service attacks (DoS), SQL injections and Brute Force Attacks) in an attempt to discover any weaknesses in the system “…is an example of what security method?